The Prevalence And Effect Of Workplace - 2014 Words

Workplace bullying is a significant but complex issue that presents challenges for a large portion of Australian firms. Depicted as a form of psychological violence, there have been continuous cases resulting in serious mental injury or even death. Accordingly over the past decade, research against workplace bullying has rapidly increased internationally including Australia. Since its first study in the UK, following studies agree on the fact that workplace bullying has become a hazard affecting people in their daily work-life. Special attention is required as it is not a matter exclusive to a certain region or industry. Its negative impacts being evident, managing and preventing it is a major task for all workplaces concerned.†¦show more content†¦It found that 6.8 percent of Australian workers have been bullied at work six months prior to being surveyed, with more than half experiencing bullying for longer than six months period. (Dollard 2012) Also, the news article on ‘the human cost of workplace bullying’ claimed that such conditions were costing Australian economy between 6 to 36billion dollars a year. The major reasons pinpointed were the reduced productivity, increase in number of absenteeism and turnover. In addition to its impact on economy, workplace bullying has a devastating effect on the individual employees. Bullying can bring significant damage to the victim’s wellbeing, which in extreme cases leads to suicide. Regarding a research conducted by Toni Mellington, an Australian health psychologist, there is a direct negative relationship between bullying and health. (Gregor 2015) Employees who claimed to have been bullied reported poorer health, with an increase in severity of bullying increasing the chance of poorer health. The finding also suggested that the experience of merely witnessing bullying can also have a negative impact on one’s health, backing up the fact that bullying affe cts not only the individual but the entire firm. The eye-catching studies above urge a prompt reaction towards resolving workplace bullying. Currently everyone at workplace is potentially at the risk of being bullied. Knowing the prevalence of bullying and the

Eradicating Social Ills Free Essays

ASSIGNMENT 2 FIK 3042 ENGLISH FOR COMMUNICATION 2 ERADICATING SOCIAL ILLS AMONGST TEENAGERS GROUP: EL-AO4 Prepared by NAME| ID NUMBER| TELEPHONE NUMBER| Kasthuri Bai A/P Thangarajah| D20111049818| 013-9801264| Lecturer : Dr. Lajiman bin Janoory Dateline :6th November 2011 ERADICATING SOCIAL ILLS AMONGST TEENAGERS. Nowadays, the social ills amongst teenagers are so rampant that they are posing a great problem in the society . We will write a custom essay sample on Eradicating Social Ills or any similar topic only for you Order Now Before we go further , let us see what are actually these social ills among the teenagers. There are many types of social ills that are affecting our teenagers at an alarming rate. Some of them are addiction to drugs , smoking,gangsterism,vandalism,bullying,illegal racing and many more. Everyday we hear and see the effects of these social ills in the form of suicide,accidents,rapes,snatch thieves and brutal crimes. The effects of these social ills amongst teenagers are affecting the nation badly and causing great setbacks in the country. The spreading of social ills have to be stopped immediately to save our youngsters who are the future generation. How are we going to eradicate these social ills if we do not know the root causes of these problems Therefore,before we find ways to eradicate the social ills amongst our teenagers, let us also dwell in the root causes of why the youngsters of nowadays fall an easy prey to the negative elements awaiting them. These causes can be categorized into several factors,mainly due to family crisis and external factors such as the influence of friends and environment. Living in this materialistic world can be very challenging to even adults,so what more to say for a teenager who is still struggling between adulthood and childhood. The need for good guidance ,counceling and parental love is essential to these youngsters. Whom should they turn to if the circumstances arise? Can they turn to their parents? Yes, under normal circumstances ,parents should be the child’s number one counsellor but,is this the case in most child’s life? In fact the parents are the last to know about their child’s problem,which is a pity! This is because nowadays,mostly both parents are working and are too busy chasing their own goals, that they fail to see what their children are undergoing. Usually these parents leave their children to fend for themselves or in the care of a babysitter who most of the time doesn’t put her heart into the responsibility given . The outcome is , the child feels neglected and deprived of parental love. Another reason is when a child comes from a broken family,the frustration and anger is taken upon the poor child. As a result a child grows up to be insecure and lacking in direction. Hence falling an easy prey to the awaiting threats outside. Children are also stressed when parents are not understanding and pressure them to study something which is not of their interest . Parents who subject their own desires and ambitions on their children can cause a lot of unnecessary pressure on them. Peer pressure and the need to proof oneself in order to be accepted is also another factor why the teenagers so easily succumb to the social ills around them. Constant innovation and development also provide boundless network which promotes extreme socialisation among our teenagers. Hence the exposure to all the unwanted elements in the society! Teenagers who do not know how to cope with stress, resort to these unwelcome means of escapism. We have seen some of the main reasons of why the social ills are spreading like an epidemic amongst our teenagers. What can we do to help them or to curb these social ills? There are a few very important things that can be done to nip the bud from the beginning itself. Firstly,the role of a family is very important . Parents who are responsible,who allocate enough quality time with their children can be a source of confidence for their children. Children will be able to rely on their parents for any advice and grow up to be a confident and secured person. These children often will not fall prey to the social ills as they are able to differentiate between good and bad and have no need for any form of escapism as they get enough love from their parents. Parents also must make sure that their children do ot lack of religious knowledge. As we know, all religion wants its followers to be a good human and abide by the rules. So if a child is given enough religious education and is taught to respect the humankind then,the chances of him or her resorting to violence is slim. Too much freedom and too much money given to teenagers will only mean trouble. Therefore parents should act wisely and explain to their youngsters why sometimes they cannot have whatev er they want and why they must always obtain their parents’ permission before going out. Parents should always be aware of their child’s whereabouts but at the same time should not also be too strict and practice veto power at home. They should be able to compromise,understand and respect their child’s feelings too. Maintaining a healthy relationship with children is an important measure in reducing these social ills amongst teenagers. Otherwise most teenagers will choose to rebel against their parents and try to prove to everyone that they are in control of their lives Besides the role of family ,the role of teachers and counsellors in schools is also very important in preventing social ills amongst teenagers. A teacher must always be sensitive to a child’s problem . A teacher must be able to gain a child’s trust in order for the child to confide in her or him. A teacher must make it her responsibility to solve a child’s problem and not be someone who simply wants to teach but is not much bothered about the child’s affair. Teachers can help a lot to curb these social ills if they play their role kindly and caringly. They should notice things and try to help the youngsters by sending them to a counsellor or by counselling them themselves. While teaching in class , a teacher must always stress on the moral values and teach their students to avoid falling prey to bad influences. The education department and the mass media must always remind these teenagers to avoid doing all these illegal activities and the repercussions should anything unpleasant happen. The enforcement agencies can be invited to give talks and show slides of what is happening and how bad it can turn into,to create awareness amongst teenagers. A lot of opportunities must be created to allow teenagers to involve hemselves in activities such as outdoor games,indoor games,dancing and drawing classes,photography clubs and some social services that will divert the attention of these teenagers . The teenagers will not only be occupied but will also benefit from these extra activities. This healthy activities can be organised by the residential commitees or by the â€Å"ketua kampung†. Healthy competition with lucrative prizes can be held to attract th ese teenagers. The State government and the district office can help with these measures. Money used to cure the victims of the social ills in the form of rehabilitation centres and their medication can be put into a more healthy usage such as the above mentioned activities. After all one must agree that â€Å"Prevention is better than Cure†As a conclusion , everybody has to play an important role in eradicating social ills amongst teenagers . Eventhough these problems seem difficult to solve but as an Ethopian proverb says, â€Å"When the spider webs unite,you can tie up a lion. † (Infinity Web Development, LLC, 2002-2011) (OPpapers, 2011) How to cite Eradicating Social Ills, Papers

Issues Faced by the Oman Air-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Give a brief of the background of the Oman Airline and discusses the various features of the services that it provides. Answer: Introduction Economic growth in a country is significantly related to the integrated market planning by various industries. Integrated Market Planning means recognition of the plan value that involves evaluation of strategic roles of a variety of communication disciplines like public relations, sales promotions and personal selling and combines all of them for providing consistency, maximum communication impact and clarity (Hill, Jones and Schilling 2012). In the context of the airline industry, integrated market planning is similarly an important aspect. The strategy that decides the air budget of any Airline is an important part of the IMP of the Airline. In todays globalized world, many people fly to other countries for better job opportunities. In this scenario, people are looking for budget airlines, so that they can avail affordable air travel. The economy and the budget airline travels are having more number of clients as most people are interested in simple travel to home, than a luxuriou s ride. Hence, the budget strategy of an airline is of great importance in the airline industry to get hold of the air competition market (Wit and Zuidberg 2012). This report, in the collaborating paragraphs, will focus on the various aspects of air budget and competition strategies with special reference to the Oman Airlines, along with a brief of its background and will also discuss the issues faced by Oman Airline regarding its air budget and its effect in the budget airline market. Furthermore, this report provides the solutions for the budget market issues faced by the Oman Airline and provide recommendations for new innovative plans and policies for the airline budget and also for the management and leadership performance, as the changes in budget policies will attract more people, which will require certain changes in the management and leadership as well. Discussion: Oman air was founded in 1993 and since then it has seen massive growth and has been playing a major role in making Muscat an important traffic hub in the Middle East, as it supports the industrial, tourism and commercial sectors. The airline made its start in March, 1993, when a wet-leased Boeing 737-300 from Ansett Worldwide Aviation flew from Muscat to Salalah. In July of that year, the airlines first international flight was operated to Dubai. In November, 1993, Oman Air started operating international flights to Trivandrum, to Kuwait and Karachi in January, 1994 and Colombia in October, 1994. Later, the airlines started to provide their services in places like Mumbai, Abu Dhabi, Dhaka, Chennai and Doha. Oman Airlines was admitted to the International Air transport Association (IATA), the international aviation industry trade group, in October, 1998 (Heath-Brown 2015). In 2007, the Omani government played a huge role in the establishment of the Oman Airlines. The Omani Government recapitalized the airlines by increasing the shareholding form 33% to approximately 80%. On 26th November, 2007, Oman Air commenced its long- haul services by launching flights to London and Bangkok. During the Dubai Air Show in 2009, Oman Air finalized an order that included five Embraer 175 aircraft along with 5 other options, which was received by the airlines in 2011 (Henderson 2015). The year 2010 was a year of achievement for the Oman Airlines. In this year it became the worlds first airline to offer Wi-Fi internet services and also mobile services on certain selected routes. In 2011, at Frances Laurier d'Or du Voyage d'Affaires, the airlines won the Gold award for being the Airline of the year. With its head office at Muscat, near the Muscat International Airport, the Oman Airline has established within a very short time span. With the passage of every year, this ai rline is aiming to hold its market with improved and better facilities (Roy 2012). Budget airline Market Budget airline market refers to the airline industries, attributed with a low-cost carrier or low cost airline. The fares for air travel in such airlines are lower and cheap. To cover up the revenue lost for decreased tickets, these airlines charge extras for food, seat allocation, baggage and priority boarding. Almost all carriers that have low ticket prices and limited services are termed as low cost carriers, irrespective to its operational models. Low cost carriers differ from the regional airlines it should not be confused with it, providing short flights with full time services or without services, with reduced fares (Derudder and Witlox 2014). The demand for low cost airlines is high and they attract more customers. With regards to the Oman Airline, if these budget strategies are used, it will increase the financial growth of Oman Airline rapidly. Oman Airlines is the flagship carrier of the Sultanate of Oman. Being the flagship carrier of Oman, it is availed by many people, a s it operates both domestically and internationally. But, as the air tickets of Oman Airline are very costly, the customers are availing services of the other airlines. In this scenario, the use of the abovementioned budget airline policies will help the Airline to retain its customers and profitability. The following gives a brief statistical view of the change in passenger growth the Oman Air has faced: Oman Airline and competition strategies The Oman Airline has a development plan, approved by the board of directors in 2013, that guides it in investing significantly in new narrow body and wide body aircraft, technology and staff and new destinations. According to this plan, Oman Airlines aims to add 50 new aircrafts by 2018 and 70 aircrafts by 2020. Apart from this, in 2014 Oman airlines added many new destinations like Jakarta, Manila and Duqm Sohar in 2016 and is aiming to add more new destinations in 2017 (Teigeler 2015). The Oman Airline has also made new innovations like new and improved economy and business class seats, including the latest in- flight- entertainment systems (IFS) to attract more customers. The Oman Airline is implementing various policies to provide the customers with the best products and services and to achieve maximum profitability (Galang 2012). Oman Air does not explain itself against competitors. It is so because other carriers in the region consist of different business models and Oman Air, instead of being a common Gulf carrier, offers a unique expression of Omani hospitality, identity and culture and focuses on the every aspect of passenger experience, including competitive pricing through its official website, travel agent partners and call centers. The Oman Air has also included services in long destination routes like door to door limousine services, including the lounge to aircraft limousine services to first class passengers at Muscat (Supian 2013). As to the competition strategies of Oman Airline, it relies on the right balance of code share agreements. It is so because code shares ensure high standards of product and service that the customers expect when they buy it. Oman Airline, which has a global reputation for its outstanding quality, focuses very much on the code share strategy, as it is very much important to retain its market position (Squalli 2012). Hence, the airline operates code share agreements on few specific routes with airlines like Qatar Airlines, Emirates Airlines, Turkish Airlines, Royal Jordanian, Sri Lankan Airlines, Ethiopian Airlines, and Malaysian Airlines. An important part of the Oman Airs market strategy is to bring the maximum number of visitors to Oman. The growth in the number of passengers has been parallel to the growth of the visitors to Oman and Oman has been achieving its mission. The Oman air aims to expand its network significantly and to bring more people to Oman with increasing hub traffic. The Oman Airline, by these strategies, is aiming to meet demands of the market competition and retain its outstanding reputation. Furthermore, the Oman Airline that is owned by the Oman Government receives immense support from the Government (Rezapour, Zeynali and Shahvalizade 2014). The Government has been investing for the development of the Oman Airline and its establishment within the international market and for building its reputation and expanding its fleet. Weaknesses of and threats faced by the Oman Airline Even though, the Oman Airline has earned a good reputation globally, it faces various threats and is attributed with certain weaknesses. Being a small organization, the Oman Air faces a good amount of competition from the neighboring countries. The following PESTEL and SWOT analysis will show the various factors which affect the Oman Airlines and the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of the Oman Airline in connection to such factors. PESTEL Analysis There are certain factors that affect the airline industry (OConnell 2012). They are: Political and legal factors- The airline industry operate in a highly political environment, where passengers are favored over the airlines as passenger safety is the paramount and the political establishments have been made weary of the airlines and aim towards strict regulatory and operational policies due to earlier inclinations towards monopolistic behavior. With the increasing competition in this industry and regulations in demand, the passengers are able to push for amenities and low prices. Economic factors- Due to certain unfortunate incidents in the global airline industry, the airline industry is affected by certain economic factors. The Oman airline is also affected by such economic factors like declining passengers, high fuel prices, competitions from low cost airlines, high operation and maintenance costs and labor demands. Social factors- With time, there have been major changes in the demands of the consumer class, especially in respect of service. This requires the airlines provide proper services and stabilize their costs. The Oman Airline, having high air ticket prices, is also affected by such factors. Technological and environmental factors- Technological factor plays an important role in the airline industry as, in the already tough business environment, the use of the latest technologies will help the airlines to not only lower the fuel consumption, but also to reduce the costs and improve the efficiency. Environmental factors- The environmental factors refers to the environmental aspects like climate conditions and degree of climate changes in relation to the aviation industry. These factors are one of the main factors that affect the airlines and can be solved by adopting latest aviation technologies. SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis is a method of analyzing the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of an organization (Pauceanu 2014). Based on the above mentioned factors, the following provides a SWOT analysis of Oman Air: Strength- The Oman air is the flagship carrier of Oman with direct flights to Europe, Asia, Africa, Indian sub-continent and Middle East. The Airline is backed with strong governmental support and hence, does not face problems regarding the fuel prices. Weakness- As to the weaknesses of the Oman Air, it faces a lot of competition from the neighboring countries being a small organization. It lacks connectivity to European sectors like Belgium, Amsterdam and also to America. Moreover, the basic salary paid to the local are very high as compared to the other countries and airlines, as the strict government regulations makes it compulsory to recruit locals. Opportunities- The Oman Air has been the receiver of many awards, which helps the airline in better marketing and increasing sales. Moreover, there are plenty of opportunities for growth and expansion of the OMAN Air, as advertisements can help in getting customers. Moreover, developing partnerships and the aim to build a strong customer based Airline business will ensure profit maximization. Threats- The Oman Air faces threats from the other competing airlines like Emirates and Fly Dubai. These competing airlines use various sales strategies, which will attract more customers and the Oman Air lacks such strategies. Moreover, the Oman Air lacks flight connectivity in many popular destinations. The price of the air tickets of Oman Air higher, whereas the demand for low cost Airlines is increasing rapidly. Tools of evaluation or analysis Evaluation or analysis tools refer to various tools and instruments used for evaluation of the performance and developmental policies used by an organization. Most of the evaluations require the use of a data collection tool, which is a survey or other data collection instrument. Evaluations need to adopt existing tools or create new tools. Tools used for one evaluation may not be used for another (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra 2013).. There are various types of evaluation tools. Some of the evaluation tools are:- Participatory tools Evaluation is an integral part of any business plan from the beginning. The participatory evaluation involves all stakeholders- those directly affected by the plan or by carrying by carrying out the plan, for contributing to the understanding of the plan and in applying that understanding for the improvement in the work. As everyone is affected by using this evaluation, it changes the whole nature of the plan from something done for a group of people or a community to a partnership (Cousins and Chouinard 2012). This tool of evaluation makes sure that the needs of all the stakeholders are recognized and addressed and involves participation by all for improving the communitys quality of life. Therefore, this tool is a group decision making and communication tool which collects information of values and needs of the stakeholders for evaluation. Creative thinking (and problem framing) tools The creative thinking tool of evaluation is also known as the critical thinking tools of evaluation. This tool refers to the analyzing, assessing, synthesizing, reflecting and evaluating of gathered information obtained through experience, communication and observation. This tool involves clear, logical and reasoned thinking to solve problems or for making decisions. It basically means to take a hard look to understand and evaluate and analyze something to understand what it really means. It means the use of new and innovative ideas and to ensure that as many issues possible are considered (Jordanous 2012). This includes collection and recognition of existing information and using it to conclude conditions in different areas or issues. This information is often used as the beginning for understanding a problem or matter. Economic tools The economic tool of evaluation refers to the economic evaluation, which is a process of systematical measurement and valuation of inputs and outcomes of two alternative activities and a comparative study of the two (Drummond et al. 2015). The economic evaluation aims to provide the best course of action on the basis of the evidence available. The various economic tools used for the economic evaluation are:- Benefit-Cost Analysis This tool measures economic efficiency based of the ratio of benefits to cost and evaluates alternative actions (Marglin 2014). It also measures stream benefits and cost over time resulting from a strategic project or plan. Cost Effectiveness Analysis This economic tool is best for comparing the alternative means of delivering similar benefits and it is used in lieu of B/C at times when valuation of benefits become difficult (Glick 2012). In addition, it also measures efficiency and evaluation is done in terms of cost per output unit. Financial Analysis/Feasibility Financial feasibility or analysis means the analysis of the process to complete a project successfully and the analysis of the economical, technological, legal and scheduling factors, affecting it. It is used to determine potential positive and also negative outcomes of a project before a particular amount of time and money is invested in it (Huh, Hwang and Lee 2012). Fiscal Impact Analysis This evaluation tool analyses ad accesses the impacts of a project done on the revenues and costs of the government and aims to identify added service requirements, and includes the estimation of costs and revenues received from fees or taxes (Burchell and Listokin 2012). Economic Impact Analysis Economic impact analysis means to assess the impacts on sales, jobs a d income in a region. It analyses the effect of an event on the economy of a particular area that ranges from a single neighborhood to the entire globe (Shrader-Frechette 2012). Usually, changes in the business revenue, profit, personal jobs and wages are measured or analyzed by this tool. Social/Environmental Impact Analysis The social or environmental impact analysis is an economic tool of evaluation that aims to assess the impacts of certain developmental schemes, projects, plans and strategy on the society, before they are implemented (Glasson, Therivel and Chadwick 2013). Models and decision support tools Models and decision support tools refer to a range of computer based tools that include decision support systems risk management and indexing tools and simulation models that help in prioritizing strategies and assessing progress against targets (Bagstad et al. 2013). These systems or computer programs replicate the reasoning process of experts as they are incorporated with expert knowledge by way of rules which are encoded in the software, providing recommendations when information is supplied. This is one of the latest models and it will have a strong positive impact on the supply chain, procurement and operational management, which will solve the relevant issues, as this model does not support traditional and manual decision making and instead, supports automatic, modern and accurate decision making. Project and program analysis tools This evaluation tool performs a statistical analysis and evaluation with the help of a set of tools and techniques by describing, organizing and interpreting data or information. This tool is used for evaluation of performance against targets or for assessing financial information, including survey information for providing quantitative results from qualitative data (Cole et al. 2013). The Oman Air faces difficulties due to the expensive air budget and also due to the lack of connectivity in other countries. The competitors of the Oman Air have a better connectivity all around the globe and they use low air budget strategies that draw more customers, which is becoming a threat to the Oman Airlines by hampering its market in the global airline industry. In this scenario it is imperative for the Oman airlines to develop evaluation tools for evaluation of its existing strategies and development programs and plans in order to solve the problems. From the above tools of evaluation, the Oman airlines solve its existing problems with the help of evaluation tools like the economic evaluation tools, creative thinking evaluation tools and the project and program evaluation tools. With the help of the economic evaluation tools its can evaluate and analyze the problems regarding its air budget issues. With the help of the creative thinking tool of evaluation it can analyze the existing problems and innovate new methods and policies for resolving existing problems. The project and program tool of analysis can assess its performance against competitors and can also assess its financial information. Apart from this, the Oman airline can also adopt the models and decision support tools, which will provide solutions in an advanced and faster manner. Recommendations For facing the increasing challenges of the other big airlines in relation to the air budget market and the lack of connectivity, there are few things which, if done, can help the Oman Airline to face these challenges. Increase in connectivity-The Oman Airline should aim to increase its connectivity in the European countries mostly, along with other countries. This will help in retaining loyal customers and will attract fresh customers, leading to increased revenue in the long run. Adding new routes and reducing fares- The factors like routes and fares play an important role in the competitive air market. Moreover, like the other competing airlines, the Oman Air should also aim for reducing air fare in the peak seasons. But as all other airline use these techniques the Oman air must use more attractive offers and incentives for the travel agents for selling Oman Air tickets and services. Analysis and evaluation-The Oman airline must make proper analysis and evaluation of its existing strategies and try to make innovations that will meet the market challenges, customer satisfaction (by reducing and making the air fare affordable) and will also maintain profit maximization. Conclusion Therefore from the above discussion it can be said that even though Oman Airline has an outstanding reputation, based on the quality of aircraft and services they provide, it is still facing competition threats from the other big airlines. The Oman Air should, based on the above discussion, use such different tools, strategies and policies in order to solve the issues it is facing in the budget airline market at present. Moreover, if the recommendations, which are mentioned above are given focus by the Oman Air, it will attract more customers and lead to higher profitability and greater efficiency. References: Bagstad, K.J., Semmens, D.J., Waage, S. and Winthrop, R., 2013. A comparative assessment of decision-support tools for ecosystem services quantification and valuation.Ecosystem Services,5, pp.27-39. Burchell, R.W. and Listokin, D., 2012.The fiscal impact handbook: estimating local costs and revenues of land development. Transaction Publishers. Cole, J.R., Wang, Q., Fish, J.A., Chai, B., McGarrell, D.M., Sun, Y., Brown, C.T., Porras-Alfaro, A., Kuske, C.R. and Tiedje, J.M., 2013. Ribosomal Database Project: data and tools for high throughput rRNA analysis.Nucleic acids research,42(D1), pp.D633-D642. Cousins, J.B. and Chouinard, J.A., 2012.Participatory evaluation up close: An integration of research-based knowledge. IAP. de Wit, J.G. and Zuidberg, J., 2012. The growth limits of the low cost carrier model.Journal of Air Transport Management,21, pp.17-23. Derudder, B. and Witlox, F., 2014. Global cities and air transport. InThe geographies of air transport(pp. 103-123). Ashgate. Drummond, M.F., Sculpher, M.J., Claxton, K., Stoddart, G.L. and Torrance, G.W., 2015.Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. Oxford university press. Galang, R.M.N., 2012. Government efficiency and international technology adoption: The spread of electronic ticketing among airlines.Journal of International Business Studies,43(7), pp.631-654. Glasson, J., Therivel, R. and Chadwick, A., 2013.Introduction to environmental impact assessment. Routledge. Glick, H., 2012. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.University of Pennsylvania. Heath-Brown, N., 2015. Oman.The Statesmans Yearbook 2016: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World, pp.931-934. Henderson, J.C., 2015. The development of tourist destinations in the Gulf: Oman and Qatar compared.Tourism Planning Development,12(3), pp.350-361. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Huh, Y.K., Hwang, B.G. and Lee, J.S., 2012. Feasibility analysis model for developer-proposed housing projects in the republic of Korea.Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,18(3), pp.345-355. Jordanous, A., 2012. A standardised procedure for evaluating creative systems: Computational creativity evaluation based on what it is to be creative.Cognitive Computation,4(3), pp.246-279. Krajewski, L.J., Ritzman, L.P. and Malhotra, M.K., 2013.Operations management: processes and supply chains(Vol. 1). New York, NY: Pearson. Marglin, S.A., 2014.Public Investment Criteria (Routledge Revivals): Benefit-Cost Analysis for Planned Economic Growth. Routledge. OConnell, J.F., 2012. Performing Strategic Analysis. Pauceanu, A.M., 2014. Strategies for improving the performance of firms operating in Oman tourism industry.Journal of Contemporary Management Sciences,3(1), pp.1-11. Rezapour, M., Zeynali, M. and Shahvalizade, A., 2014. The analysis relationship between privatization of governmental companies and economic value added.Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review,3(9), pp.46-53. Roy, A., 2012. Relationship of osmosis: Rise of Emirates, the airline and Dubai, the city.Academy of Taiwan business management review,8(3), pp.1-5. Shrader-Frechette, K., 2012.Science policy, ethics, and economic methodology: some problems of technology assessment and environmental-impact analysis. Springer Science Business Media. Squalli, J., 2012, November. The Performance of the Airline Passenger Market in the United Arab Emirates. InEconomic Research Forum Working Papers(No. 724). Supian, S., 2013. The Selection Study of International Flight Route with Lowest Operational Costs.Abstrak. Teigeler, J., 2015. Arabic Airlines in the European Market. Strategies, Consequences and International Market Changes and Challenges

Intertextuality essay Macbeth Essay Example

Intertextuality essay Macbeth Paper Shakespeare is considered as the greatest write in the English language. One of his recognised plays is Macbeth. Macbeths tragic story is constructed by the genre, privileged discourse and archetypal characters which are still relevant to todays audiences. The intertextuality of Macbeth and a variety of modern texts such as films, plays and songs is still representing the play in todays society. The genre of a tragic hero can be intertextually linked to Roger Chillington (The Scarlet letter). Discourses such as betrayal and lust for power can still be identified by audiences in modern society, hence they can be intertextually linked to such characters as Mark Zuckerberg (The Social Network) and Anakin Skywalker/Darth Vader (Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith). Even Shakespeares archetypal character, Lady Macbeth, is closely intertextually linked to Julia Gillard. The cultural values, experiences and attitudes mobilized in the construction of such texts, let us fully understand Macbeth. The genre of a tragic hero was used in the Elizabethan era, but is still used in contemporary texts in modern society. In Shakespeares play, Macbeth, it is shown that Macbeth is a tragic hero. A tragic hero can be described as a hero whose actions and fatal flaws lead to their downfall. Various circumstances, such as his encounter with the witches, Duncans decision to stay at Macbeths castle, Macduffs sudden arrival and even Macbeths final duel with Macduff all work to warp and shape him into the tyrant he is by the end of the play. We will write a custom essay sample on Intertextuality essay Macbeth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Intertextuality essay Macbeth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Intertextuality essay Macbeth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer At the beginning of the play, the audiences can identify that Macbeth is good. However, throughout the play the audience can recognise the transition of Macbeth from good to bad as he commits more murders. Macbeths fatal flaw was his ambition to become King, which has leads him to his death as Macduff battles him for revenge since Macbeth murdered his family. There have been many tragic heroes throughout the history of literature, including the tragic hero of The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. In The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne makes the tragic hero clearly understood. Roger Chillingworth is evidently the tragic hero in this novel. Although later plagued with the evils of revenge, Chillingworth has the promise to be a great hero. He is a man well educated in the areas of medicine. He is also is strong willed, persuasive, and able to look directly into a persons soul. Trust me, such men deceive themselves. - (1) Roger Chillingworth never kept his sins secret, showing the potential for good in his heart. He would have had many secrets had he been made up purely of evil. Rogers fatal flaw was his revenge, which lead to his death. Chillingworth dies at the end of The Scarlet Letter because of his own weaknesses. He dies from the pure evil which is led into his life. His goals of vengeance make him a pure tragedy. Both characters were seen as heroes in the beginning; however their actions and fatal flaws lead them to their downfall, which make them both tragic heroes. Betrayal is a discourse in many modern contemporary text and Shakespeare plays. Betrayal can be defined as the breaking or violation of a presumptive social contract, trust or confidence that produces moral and psychological conflict within a relationship amongst individuals. In order for betrayal to be apparent, some components such as treachery, manipulation and deceit must be seen. This discourse could be seen in Macbeth where Banquo, the loyal friend of Macbeth, has been betrayed when he was ordered to be killed by Macbeth. Macbeth was suspicious that Banquo knew about Duncans murder and would notify the community. Though Banquo was Macbeths loyal friend, he thought that Banquo would violate his trust, leading Macbeth into believing that his loyal friend would betray him. The social network shows similar discourses of betrayal as the main character Mark Zuckerberg and Eduardo Saverin. Eduardo Saverin: It was insanely stupid for me not to have my own lawyer look over all the the uh I thought they were my lawyers. I was a Harvard business major. I was your only friend. You had one friend. (2) The components of treachery, manipulation and deceit can be found between the relationship of Mark and Eduardo. Even though he was not murdered, Mark betrayed the trust of Eduardo as he diluted his shares of Facebook until he basically was not a part of the company. Mark manipulated Eduardo thinking that when he signed a business contract, that he could put his into the lawyers and get a fair and just amount of shares. Eduardo states he was the only friend of Marks, he felt betrayed as to why he could commit such disloyalty to his only friend. The two close friends wonder how a common dream came to be in such an adversarial situation by betrayal. Macbeth and The Social Network are both intertextually linked as both texts show betrayal between loyal friends. The discourse of lust for power is another element of the Shakespearean play, Macbeth, which establishes its relevance to modern society. Power can be defined as ability to do or act; capability of doing or accomplishing something. Macbeths lust for power develops into his fatal flaw which destroys his morality. Macbeth is given responsibilities and duties, yet he is teased with the promise of one day becoming King. This is done because he has a flaw; he is too determined. He doesnt let anything in his way of the goal, to be king.

Great Speech Essay Topics

Great Speech Essay TopicsOne of the first things you need to do if you want to write a great speech essay is to find out what speech essay topics are available to you. The first thing you need to do is to search for various speech essay topics and put down on paper the things that you are interested in.You can consult a list of essay topics or you can check the subject of an essay that you like to write and see what it has to offer. Many universities will also give you a list of possible subjects that you can write a dissertation on. You should check out all the options and then choose the topic that you think will make you write the best speech essay.Writing a speech is a great way to convey your ideas and will give you a competitive edge when trying to get job opportunities. The best way to start is to prepare the speech and have the ideas for the speech ready. Once you are sure that you have all the ideas for your speech ready, you can start looking for speeches on the internet.Th ere are a lot of different speeches on the internet but you can easily find out the ones that would suit your speech. If you do not find what you want, there is nothing wrong with searching through a research topic and finding out other speeches related to that topic. Just make sure that the speech you select is the best in terms of quality and content.Some of the common speech topics that you might consider include advice to children and teenagers. In this case you need to be able to go through the speech quickly and write down the main points that you want to get across. You can also select topics that deal with politics and philosophy if you want to focus on those areas.The last category of speech topics include speeches that talk about the culture and history of a particular country. When you are looking for a speech topic, you need to consider the overall tone and design of the speech.Good speeches should not be dry or boring. You should present the ideas in a way that they wou ld attract others to listen to what you have to say. Keep these tips in mind so that you can avoid making the same mistakes that others have made.

Reality Television Research Paper Example

Reality Television Research Paper Example Reality Television Paper Reality Television Paper Entertainment for some, humiliation for others, new beginnings for some, bad endings for others, dreams turned into reality for some and dreams shattered for others. Reality television on which anything can happen, millions of viewers gripped to their seats, pulses racing ogling at a box. Millions of people they can not all be crazy to watch reality television, or can they? Little did Philo Taylor Farnsworth, the inventor of the television know that one day lazy people who sit in a house all day or people who eat bugs in a jungle will be shown on his invention. How can reality television be useful? Deviant, destructive and disastrous, what knowledge will viewers gain by watching diabolical fools shouting abuse and using profanity? Teenagers are believed to be influenced by the media very easily, seeing all this negativity it clearly shows what they will gain from it. weak brained On the other hand, reality television can be seen as educational. Youngsters get to see the real world and different people who all have different personalities. Reality television teaches youngsters about the real world and the situations that can arise in life. Humans learn by seeing things and experiencing them, everyone must have seen how children want to touch a flame despite the parents shouting, but once the child touches the flame the child never does it again knowing it burns, in the same way teenagers watch reality television and learn from the situations that contestants have to face and apply it to their own lives and consider it while making decisions. Also, the contestants who participate in reality television shows are from a broad spectrum of society which enables youngsters to see the behaviour of wealthy and poor alike. However, how can people be sure what they are watching is reality? All they see is what the camera wants them to see and when the camera is on all they see us people wearing masks of disguise, pretending to be someone else for popularity, fame, money and crazy viewers to become obsessed with them. Humans are so pathetic that they sit in front of a box watching the lives of other lame people, who are just acting. Why call it reality television when people are acting? Theatres are made to watch people act, why watch shameless people act on what is supposed to be called reality television? In contrast to this, reality television is full of entertainment. In this modern world with all the stress from grumpy managers and resentful co-workers, entertainment is necessary and if people can be relieved from a tough day at work, by seeing the humiliation of other people who themselves chose to enter the show, then what is the harm? Adding on, youngsters who instead of causing crime and irritating old people on streets, enjoy watching reality television and enjoy the embarrassment of other people then what is the harm? However it can be argued that those ordinary people, who like many others, dream high however get disgraced and degraded in front of millions of people which immediately knocks down their confidence. Reality television is derogatory which has a negative effect on the contestants. Reality television acts as a catalyst to defame and suppress personality characteristics of the participants. Nevertheless, reality television benefits contestants despite the derogatory behaviour, due to reality television shows contestants are able to express themselves which relieves their emotional trauma and catharsis. Moreover it helps contestants build positive relations with others and living in a different lifestyle helps them appreciate their own lifestyle and helps them to improve it. In Celebrity Big Brother 2007, millions of viewers witnessed the famous racial row between the Bollywood actress Shilpa Shetty and English celebrity Jade Goody however, after the row Shilpa and Jade became friends and held no grudges against each other which shows that despite the controversy the contestants experienced they learnt to resolve the problems amicably. However, reality television shows send a bad message and fixation on instant celebrities. Shows like Big Brother suggest that anyone can become famous by participating on a reality television show and lounging around in a house all day shouting abuse without working hard or having any particular talent at all. Youngsters who watch these shows will assume that education is not important and that they do not need to study hard in school or train hard for a regular job. Producers of reality television shows themselves earn thousands of pounds however they show influential shows which influence others in a negative way and make them loose out on education, is this right? It can be argued that we believe in freedom and free speech. In this modern day society many people do a variety of things and fairly speaking, they all have a right to do anything they want as long as they abide the law. Moreover, it can be said that millions of viewers watch reality television and we have to accept reality television as an expression of popular and democratic taste. Adding on, nobody is compelled to appear in reality television or indeed watch it. Many people argue that reality television shows are a bad influence but no one forces people to watch it, everyone has the right to pick up their remote control and switch the television off or change the channel. A study found that in the year 2000, 70% of the population watched reality television occasionally or on a regular basis, so is it fair for a minority of reality television haters to stop the huge minority of people from watching the shows that they are crazy for? In contrast, the show Americas Next Top Model which last year on September 9th had 3. 22 million viewers tuned in, some groaning and moaning at the girls they dislike and some admiring the beauty of the model with the slender waist. The show on which many female contestants enter, exposing their beauty and skills to the viewers and craving to impress the judges with their bony bodies and fresh faces. However, shows like this promote being skinny and attractive and contribute to eating disorders like anorexia within teenage girls. About ninety percent of those who are known to develop anorexia are female, why? Because girls feel pressurized to be thin by shows like Americas Next Top Model and feel that the only way that they will look attractive is by having the characteristics of the models on television. Millions of people can not all be crazy watching reality television, or can they? There are many reasons for watching reality television, some people watch it simply for a laugh to cheer them up, and others watch reality television to admire the beauty of the models and celebrities. However is this all really harmless fun? Teenage girls are becoming influenced by the television and are turning as skinny as sticks, other contestants are completely embarrassed to try something new again due to the insults they received from the strict judges and the taunts and mockery from other people. Nothing in the world is ever perfect; some people love something into to bits while others feel sick at the name of it. The same principal applies to reality television, while some viewers sit all day enjoying themselves watching the humiliation of others there are some viewers who rage with anger while reading the name of a reality television show listed on the television guide. The producers make a huge amount of money from reality television shows, the contestants become famous and the viewers get entertained, everyone is happy. However on the other hand, swearing and violence are shown, teenagers get influenced by all the negativity and many youngsters become lazy in school due to the image in some shows which suggests that no talent is needed to become famous.

Take a Stand for Language Standards

Take a Stand for Language Standards Take a Stand for Language Standards Take a Stand for Language Standards By Mark Nichol English usage is always evolving, but the rate of evolution seems to accelerate all the time, and careful observers will note in a wide variety of content pervasive examples of the relaxation of standards for written English. This post discusses several categories in which it appears that even professional writers often seem unaware of basic precepts of good writing. As discussed in previous posts, the velocity of change in what is considered acceptable written English has sped up thanks to the proliferation of media resources available to the average person and the dynamics of the publishing industry. Because of the explosive increase in content produced by poorly trained writers (amateurs and professionals alike) and the decrease in rigorous editing, substandard writing spreads unchecked, with the following results. Writers often, out of ignorance and/or apathy, close compound words that are treated as open and hyphenated in dictionaries and other writer resources, so that, for instance, we increasingly see â€Å"life span† styled as lifespan and â€Å"time frame† written as timeframe, and mind-set and light-year appear, respectively, as mindset and lightyear. This process has occurred for hundreds of years as a natural progression, but we appear to be in the midst of multiple evolutions occurring simultaneously. In a similar case, â€Å"all right† frequently appears as alright. It has done so since the mid-nineteenth century, but what’s new is that it is now creeping over from lay writing such as personal blogs to professionally produced content such as online newspapers. Amateur and professional writers alike are also increasingly failing to observe two types of distinctions between essential and nonessential phrases. First, for example, is the error seen in identifications of people such as the one in â€Å"Company president, John Smith, was also named in the suit.† The mistaken use of internal punctuation, due to the confusion of the simple job description â€Å"company president† with the appositive â€Å"the company president,† which would require the name to be set off from the descriptor because that phrase and the name are interchangeable (while â€Å"company president† and â€Å"John Smith† are not), is nothing new but is becoming commonplace in professionally produced content. As an example of the second type of essential/nonessential confusion, the following sentence is flawed because it implies that more than one Emergency Alerts system exists, and the one in question, unlike one or more others, can send alerts about catastrophic events: â€Å"The agency sent the alert through the national Emergency Alerts system that can send alerts about catastrophic events.† The following revision correctly observes that â€Å"can send alerts about catastrophic events† describes the system’s function rather than explains the specific function of one type of system (which is the point of the sentence): â€Å"The agency sent the alert through the national Emergency Alerts system, which can send alerts about catastrophic events.† That type of error, published on the website of a metropolitan newspaper, unlike the others noted above, is a cardinal sin rather than a venial one because it doesn’t just â€Å"look wrong†; it affects clarity and comprehension. I’m well aware that observations such as these can make me sound like a get-off-my-lawn geezer, but this is my point: Such shifts in our language are inevitable, but as a treasure hunter tells intrepid teenage Indiana Jones when the latter fails to prevent an artifact from being sold on the black market, â€Å"You lost today, kid, but that doesn’t mean you have to like it.† That is not to say I don’t â€Å"like it,† that I don’t approve of language evolution (which is just as futile as not approving the sun going down or the tide coming in), but what I don’t like is a failure to respect and observe current standards. Just as we agree that certain letters, numbers, and other symbols represent various sounds, quantities, and functions, we should agree on precepts of grammar, syntax, usage, and punctuation. As a professional editor and writer, it is my responsibility to help preserve the language as it is now, according to standards codified in numerous writing and editing guides and other resources, and not anticipate revisions that will appear in future editions, and I recommend that you do so, too. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Cost-Effective vs. Cost-Efficient10 Techniques for More Precise Writing15 Idioms for Periods of Time